Astronomy – Mesoamerican cultures, such as the Maya and Aztec, were able to accurately predict astronomical events, like eclipses, hundreds of years into the future.These tactics consisted in a combination of espionage, cattle raiding, and using attack waves in the battlefield to exhaust the enemy. Asymmetric warfare – Araucanian leaders such as Lautaro developed effective military tactics to counter the Spanish invasion, winning the Arauco War.When chemists analyzed willows in the last century, they discovered salicylic acid the basis of the modern drug aspirin. Aspirin – Indigenous Americans have been using willow tree bark for thousands of years to reduce fever and pain as were the peoples of Assyria, Sumer, Ancient Egypt and Ancient Greece. The Mesoamerican Aztecs also constructed complex, dual-pipe aqueducts to supply their vast city of Tenochtitlan. The Inca later expanded on these previously constructed aqueducts and built a more complex and large aqueduct system in the Inca Empire. Aqueducts – The ancient Andean cultures, such as Chimu, Moche and Nazca, lived in dry environments, yet they sustained large scale agriculture consisting of a wide variety of crops by employing aqueducts connecting various freshwater sources, such as mountain streams and lakes to their agricultural fields which were sometimes injecting pressure with the aid of puquios (wind-based water pumps).Some of these artworks, otherwise known as the Nazca Lines, could only be viewed from the sky and each one of these works of Nazca art spans several miles across in size and dimension in the Sechura Desert. It was as if the Nazca were building monuments, which only their gods could view from up in the sky. The Nazca built these artworks, which could only be viewed from the sky or from space. Art to be viewed from space – The Nazca Lines were created by the ancient Nazca culture in modern-day Peru.
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